Myeloma Treatment Dubai
Multiple myeloma is a cancerous disease that develops in a kind of white blood cell known as a plasma cell. These cells produce antibodies and aid the body to combat infections. The antibodies act by identifying and killing the germs.
Multiple myeloma results in the collection of cancer cells in the bone marrow. In the bone marrow, these cancer cells attack healthy blood cells. They make dysfunctional proteins that can lead to difficulties.
Multiple myeloma treatment is only recommended for those who are experiencing any symptoms. For people with multiple myeloma who require treatment, there are a wide number of Myeloma Treatment in Dubai. With proper help and management, a disease like Myeloma can also be subdued.
There exist two kinds of Multiple myeloma namely
Hyperdiploid
In this condition the myeloma cells contain a number of chromosomes as oppose to normal. It is also called HMM. It is often considered less fatal. However, it is seen in about 45% of cases of multiple myeloma.
Non-hyperdiploid
These myeloma cells have fewer chromosomes than normal. It is also called hypodiploid. It is considered more fatal than Hyperdiploid. It is seen in about 40% of cases of multiple myeloma.
Experts have not really come to a conclusion when it comes to deciding what causes multiple myeloma. It is known that myeloma initiates in the bone marrow i.e. the spongy tissue that is inside the core of the bones of the body. It starts with one dysfunctional plasma cell. The dysfunctional cell develops very quickly into more cells that are cancerous in nature.
These cancer cells are different than normal cells. They don’t have a similar life cycle like others. They gather in such large amounts that they overcome the production of the healthy cells. So the cause of exhaustion and failure in competing infections lies in the bone marrow, where the cells of myeloma beat the red and white blood cells. Here, these cells start making dysfunctional antibodies that are useless to the body.
Dysfunctional antibodies such as monoclonal proteins accumulate in the body. This can lead to many complications. One of them includes kidney damage. This hazardous accumulation of myeloma cells can also increase the risk of broken bones.
Symptoms
- The symptoms of Multiple myeloma, include discomfort in the bones. The regions of back, ribs, and skull are specifically vulnerable to pain.
- The patients suffering from Multiple myeloma also experience weakness and fatigue. Even regular day-to-day activities may lead to quick exhaustion.
- Symptoms like constipation, nausea and unsettled stomach are common due to increased levels of calcium in the bloodstream. This may also lead to gastrointestinal complications. It can impact on the urinary system and may lead to high levels of urination. Due to the increased calcium concentration in the urine, kidney stones can also be observed.
- The patients may also feel thirstier than usual. Plus, a loss of appetite and consequently weight loss is also seen in the patients of Multiple myeloma.
- A state of restlessness and confusion also occurs in the people suffering from Multiple myeloma. The feeling of numbness, specifically in the legs, is also common.
- It is also seen that symptoms often overlap and cause the wrong diagnosis of the complication. Hence, it becomes essential to get a proper examination from a professional with experience that is required. Practicing this will surely lessen the probabilities of misdiagnosis.
Diagnosis of Multiple Myeloma in Dubai
There exists some cases, where the doctor may identify multiple myeloma by observing the symptoms. Whereas, they might even identify the disease after a blood test regarding a completely different disorder. There exist several alternatives in the market when it comes to Multiple Myeloma Treatment in Dubai.
The tests that confirm if Multiple Myelomais present are:-
Blood tests
It can be helpful in identifying the disease. The analysis of the blood samples is done to detect the presence of the M proteins that are made by myeloma cells. Beta-2-microglobulin, i.e. additional dysfunctional protein made by the myeloma cells, can be identified by studying the blood samples. The blood tests also help the doctor detect the degree of the condition. The blood test is also beneficial in detecting the increased levels of calcium in the bloodstream that can cause complications with the urinary system.
Analysis of the bone marrow
In this procedure, the doctor takes a part of the bone marrow for examination. This is done by making the use of an extended needle that is injected in the bone. Then the sample is studied and myeloma cells are identified. Fluorescence in situ hybridization is one of the tests that is used to study the myeloma cells. This way the rate of division of the myeloma cells can also be indicated.
Urine tests
Laboratory examination of the urine sample can also reveal the presence of M proteins. When these proteins are identified in urine they are called Bence Jones proteins.
Imaging tests
This is done to study the bone-related complications that are common with multiple myeloma. Here, tests like CT scan, X-ray, MRI and PET are performed.
In a situation where Multiple myeloma is detected by the doctor, they will classify the disease into stages. This is done by studying the data collected from the diagnostic tests. The stages are classified as stage I, II and III. Where Stage I is relatively less fatal, while stage III directs to a disease that is harmful to the bones, kidneys and other body parts.
Available Multiple MyelomaTreatment in Dubai
The type of Multiple Myeloma that one has determines its treatment. The overall health of the patient is also a factor in deciding the type of treatment. Failure in treatment is uncommon and observed in very complicated cases.
There are various Multiple Myeloma Treatments available in Dubai:-
Targeted therapy
It is very particular in terms of targeting the dysfunctionalities in the Myeloma cells. The death of myeloma cells is caused by targeted drugs such as Bortezomib, carfilzomib, and ixazomib that are used to hinder the collapse of proteins. These kinds of drugs are injected via a vein in the arm or even in the form of a pill.
Biological therapy
In this procedure, drugs such as thalidomide, lenalidomide and pomalidomide are used that improve the strength of the cells’ in the immune system. These cells recognize and kill the Myeloma cells.
Chemotherapy
Here, cells that grow rapidly are attacked by drugs. These drugs are injected through a vein in the arm or have a pill. When the process of bone marrow transplant is done, extraordinary amounts of Chemotherapy medications are given to the patient, beforehand.
Bone marrow transplant
The bone marrow transplant involves the use of high doses of chemotherapy and radiation in order to kill the bone marrow. It is also called a stem cell transplant. Here, unhealthy bone marrow is substituted by the healthy bone marrow.
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